http://swiv.eu/oncology-cancer-news_c52.xml
19.04.2012 22:00
According to a new report, the '2025 Challenge: Saving and Improving Lives' from Bowel Cancer UK, the Government could reduce bowel cancer deaths by 60% by 2025, if it follows the recommendations of its new report. In the UK, bowel cancer is the second largest cancer killer, with an overall five-year survival rate of just over 50% of those who are diagnosed...
Part of an oral presentation at the recent Society of Surgical Oncology's 65th Annual Cancer Symposium in Orlando, revealed that a stratification of age, race and hormone receptor status helps to predict survival in node-negative breast cancer patients...
19.04.2012 20:00
Proton accelerators to treat cancer are described as the "most costly medical devices" in the world, and the UK and United States are investing considerable amounts of money in order to build them. However, journalist Keith Epstein states: "no clear evidence of better effectiveness exists" and that this investment may be premature...
19.04.2012 19:00
According to an evaluation of Medicare beneficiaries, there has been a significant increase in surgical treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), from 2001 until 2006. The study, published in the April issue of Archives of Dermatology, states that the increase is primarily due to a doubling in the rate of Mohs micrographic surgery procedures...
19.04.2012 17:12
GENEVA (MedPage Today) -- Limiting upfront erlotinib (Tarceva) to patients with mutations in the drug's target resulted in significant improvement in progression-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer, a post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial showed.
19.04.2012 13:00
Breast cancer is at least 10 different diseases, each with its own genetic signature and pattern of weak spots, according to a new landmark study that promises to revolutionize diagnosis and prognosis, and pave the way for individualized, tailored treatment...
19.04.2012 11:00
A Michigan State University surgeon is teaming up with a Lansing-area dental benefits firm on a clinical trial to create a simple, cost-effective saliva test to detect oral cancer, a breakthrough that would drastically improve screening and result in fewer people dying of the world's sixth most common cancer...
19.04.2012 10:00
A new brain cancer vaccine tailored to individual patients by using material from their own tumors has proven effective in a multicenter phase 2 clinical trial at extending their lives by several months or longer. The patients suffered from recurrent glioblastoma multiforme - which kills thousands of Americans every year...
19.04.2012 03:00
In the following report we discuss a very rare case of malignant T-cell lymphoma of the thyroid gland that developed in a 70-year-old woman with a past history of hypothyroidism due to chronic thyroiditis. The chief complaint was a rapidly growing neck mass. CT and ultrasonographic examination revealed a diffuse large thyroid gland without a nodule extending up to 13 cm. Although presence of abnormal lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood was not found, the sIL-2 Receptor antibody and thyroglobulin measured as high as 970 U/ml and 600 ng/mL respectively. Fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosed chronic thyroiditis. A preoperative diagnosis of suspicious malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland accompanied by Hashimoto's thyroiditis was made, and a right hemithyroidectomy was performed to definite diagnosis. Histological examination revealed diffuse small lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid gland associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the small lymphocytes were positive for T-cell markers with CD3 and CD45RO. The pathological diagnosis was chronic thyroiditis with atypical lymphocytes infiltration. However, Southern blot analysis of tumor specimens revealed only a monoclonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. Finally, peripheral T cell lymphoma was diagnosed. Therefore, the left hemithyroidectomy was also performed one month later. No adjuvant therapy was performed due to the tumor stage and its subtype. The patient is well with no recurrence or metastasis 22 months after the surgical removal of the thyroid. As malignant T-cell lymphoma of the thyroid gland with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was difficult to diagnose, gene rearrangement examination needed to be performed concurrently.
Background: TAK733 is a novel allosteric, non-ATP-binding, inhibitor of the BRAF substrates MEK-1/2. Methods: The growth inhibitory effects of TAK733 were assessed in a panel of 27 cutaneous and five uveal melanoma cell lines genotyped for driver oncogenic mutations. Flow cytometry, Western blots and metabolic tracer uptake assays were used to characterize the changes induced by exposure to TAK733. Results: Fourteen cutaneous melanoma cell lines with different driver mutations were sensitive to the antiproliferative effects of TAK733, with a higher proportion of BRAFV600E mutant cell lines being highly sensitive with IC50s below 1 nM. The five uveal melanoma cell lines had GNAQ or GNA11 mutations and were either moderately or highly sensitive to TAK733. The tested cell lines wild type for NRAS, BRAF, GNAQ and GNA11 driver mutations were moderately to highly resistant to TAK733. TAK733 led to a decrease in pERK and G1 arrest in most of these melanoma cell lines regardless of their origin, driver oncogenic mutations and in vitro sensitivity to TAK733. MEK inhibition resulted in increase in pMEK more prominently in NRASQ61L mutant and GNAQ mutant cell lines than in BRAFV600E mutant cell lines. Uptake of the metabolic tracers FDG and FLT was inhibited by TAK733 in a manner that closely paralleled the in vitro sensitivity assays. Conclusions: The MEK inhibitor TAK733 has antitumor properties in melanoma cell lines with different oncogenic mutations and these effects could be detectable by differential metabolic tracer uptake.
19.04.2012 02:14
(MedPage Today) -- Giving combination chemotherapy at the same time as radiation can reduce recurrence in bladder cancer patients, researchers found.
19.04.2012 01:07
(MedPage Today) -- Medicare beneficiaries with early-stage kidney cancer appear to fare better with partial nephrectomy rather than radical surgery, a large, observational study showed.
18.04.2012 23:00
The April issue of Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery reports that patients who undergo chemoradiation therapy (CRT), who perform specific swallowing exercises after their CRT, experience a short-term improvement in swallowing...
18.04.2012 22:05
(MedPage Today) -- American investor Warren Buffett likely can bank on a cure for his early-stage prostate cancer, experts say.
18.04.2012 21:00
Researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have found that over 33.3% of individuals suffering from invasive cancer do not receive sufficient pain medication, with minorities twice as likely not to receive analgesics...
18.04.2012 18:55
(MedPage Today) -- Trastuzumab prolonged survival among women with HER2-positive early breast cancer, but the benefits were accompanied by significant risks of cardiotoxicity, a systematic review found.
18.04.2012 16:02
(MedPage Today) -- Adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy didn't prolong life for seniors with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), researchers found.
18.04.2012 13:00
About 71,500 women in the United States are diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control. Researchers from University Hospitals Case Medical Center have developed a more effective way to treat gynecologic cancers, shortening radiation treatment time from five weeks to three days...
18.04.2012 11:00
More than one third of patients with invasive cancer are undertreated for their pain, with minorities twice as likely to not receive analgesics, according to research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The study, published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, is the largest prospective evaluation of cancer pain and related symptoms ever conducted in an outpatient setting...
18.04.2012 10:00
A research team pursuing one of the most commonly altered genes in cancer has laid a critical foundation for understanding this gene that could point the way toward developing drugs against it. A recent study of cancer genetics pointed to the gene MCL1, which encodes a protein that helps keep cells alive...
18.04.2012 03:00
Background: An understanding of the nature and magnitude of the impact of cancer is critical to planning how best to deliver supportive care to the growing population of cancer survivors whose need for care may span many years. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of and factors associated with moderate to high level unmet supportive care needs among adult cancer survivors six months after diagnosis. Methods: A population-based sample of adult cancer survivors diagnosed with one of the eight most incident cancers in Australia was recruited from two state-based cancer registries. Data for 1323 survivors were obtained by self-report questionnaire and linkage with cancer registry data. Unmet needs were assessed by the 34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34). The data were examined using chi-square and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 444 (37%) survivors reported at least one 'moderate to high' level unmet need and 496 (42%) reported 'no need' for help. Moderate to high level unmet needs were most commonly reported in the psychological (25%) and physical aspects of daily living (20%) domains. The five most frequently endorsed items of moderate to high unmet need were concerns about the worries of those close to them (15%), fears about the cancer spreading (14%), not being able to do the things they used to do (13%), uncertainty about the future (13%) and lack of energy/tiredness (12%). Survivors' psychological characteristics were the strongest indicators of unmet need, particularly caseness for anxious preoccupation coping which was associated (OR = 2.2-5.9) with unmet need for help across all domains. Conclusions: Unmet supportive care needs are prevalent among a subgroup of survivors transitioning from active treatment to survivorship, although lower than previously reported. In addition to coping support, valuable insight about how to prevent or address survivors' unmet needs could be gained by examining the substantial proportion of survivors who report no unmet needs.
18.04.2012 01:30
(MedPage Today) -- The use of opium is associated with a sharply increased risk of death, particularly among women, a study out of Iran found.
17.04.2012 23:01
Background Human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in many cancers. Anti-EpCAM antibodies have shown promise in preclinical studies, but showed no tumor regression in a recent phase II clinical trial. Therefore, we generated a novel anti-EpCAM antibody–drug conjugate and assessed whether it showed enhanced antitumor effects. Methods Chemical cross-linking was conducted to covalently conjugate α-amanitin, a toxin known to inhibit DNA transcription, with chiHEA125, a chimerized anti-EpCAM monoclonal antibody, to generate the antibody–drug conjugate α-amanitin-glutarate-chiHEA125 (chiHEA125-Ama). Antiproliferative activity of chiHEA125-Ama was tested in human pancreatic (BxPc-3 and Capan-1), colorectal (Colo205), breast (MCF-7), and bile duct (OZ) cancer cell lines in vitro using [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation assay. Antitumor activity of chiHEA125-Ama was assessed in vivo in immunocompromised mice bearing subcutaneous human BxPc-3 pancreatic carcinoma xenograft tumors (n = 66 mice). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated in xenograft tumors by immunohistochemistry. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results In all cell lines, chiHEA125-Ama reduced cell proliferation (mean half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ] = 2.5 x 10 –10 to 5.4 x 10 –12 M). A single dose of chiHEA125-Ama inhibited BxPc-3 xenograft tumor growth (chiHEA125 [control, n = 4 mice] vs chiHEA125-Ama [n = 6 mice], dose of 15 mg/kg with respect to IgG and 50 μg/kg with respect to α-amanitin, mean relative increase in tumor volume on day 16 = 884% vs –79%, difference = 963%, 95% CI = 582% to 1344%, P = .019). Two higher doses of chiHEA125-Ama (100 μg/kg with respect to α-amanitin), administered 1 week apart (n = 10 mice per group), led to complete tumor regression in nine of 10 (90%) mice compared with chiHEA125, during the observation period of 16 days; increased apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation were observed in mice treated with chiHEA125-Ama. Conclusion This preclinical study suggests that anti-EpCA…
Background Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the most common treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS); however, how often women experience subsequent diagnostic evaluations over time is not known. Methods We identified 2948 women with DCIS who were treated with BCS from 1990 to 2001 and followed for up to 10 years at three integrated health-care delivery systems. We calculated the percentages of diagnostic mammograms and ipsilateral invasive procedures following the initial breast excision to treat DCIS, estimated the 10-year cumulative incidence of these procedures, and determined hazard ratios for both types of procedures with Cox regression modeling. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Over 10 years, 907 women (30.8%) had 1422 diagnostic mammograms and 1813 (61.5%) had 2305 ipsilateral invasive procedures. Diagnostic mammograms occurred in 7.3% of women in the first 6 months and continued at a median annual rate of 4.3%. Ipsilateral invasive procedures occurred in 51.5% of women in the first 6 months and continued at a median annual rate of 3.1%. The estimated 10-year cumulative risk of having at least one diagnostic mammogram after initial DCIS excision was 41.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 38.5% to 43.5%); at least one invasive procedure, 65.7% (95% CI = 63.7% to 67.8%); and either event, 76.1% (95% CI = 74.1% to 78.1%). Excluding events in the first 6 months following initial DCIS excision, corresponding risks were 36.4% (95% CI = 33.8% to 39.0%) for diagnostic mammograms, 30.4% (95% CI = 26.9% to 33.8%) for invasive procedures, and 49.5% (95% CI = 45.6% to 53.5%) for either event. Conclusions Women with DCIS treated with BCS continue to have diagnostic and invasive breast procedures in the conserved breast over an extended period. The frequency of ongoing diagnostic breast evaluations should be included in discussions about treatment.
Concurrent with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the first therapeutic cancer vaccine, a wide spectrum of other cancer vaccine platforms that target a diverse range of tumor-associated antigens is currently being evaluated in randomized phase II and phase III trials. The profound influence of the tumor microenvironment and other immunosuppressive entities, however, can limit the effectiveness of these vaccines. Numerous strategies are currently being evaluated both preclinically and clinically to counteract these immunosuppressive entities, including the combined use of vaccines with immune checkpoint inhibitors, certain chemotherapeutics, small-molecule targeted therapies, and radiation. The potential influence of the appropriate patient population and clinical trial endpoint in vaccine therapy studies is discussed, as well as the potential importance of biomarkers in future directions of this field.
Background In designing phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs), the expected magnitude of the benefit of the experimental therapy () determines the number of patients required and the number of person-years of follow-up. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate how reliably approximates the observed benefit ( B ) in RCTs that evaluated cancer treatment. Methods RCTs evaluating systemic therapy in adult cancer patients published in 10 journals from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2009, were identified. Data were extracted from each publication independently by two investigators. The related-samples Sign test was used to determine whether the median difference between and B was statistically significant in different study subsets and was two-sided. Results A total of 253 RCTs met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Regardless of whether benefit was defined as proportional change (median difference between and B = –13.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –21.0% to –8.0%), absolute change (median difference between and B = –8.0%, 95% CI = –9.9% to –5.1%), or median increase in a time-to-event endpoint (median difference between and B = –1.4 months, 95% CI = –2.1 to –0.8 months), was consistently and statistically significantly larger than B ( P < .001, for each, respectively). This relationship between and B was independent of year of publication, industry funding, management by cooperative trial groups, type of control arm, type of experimental arm, disease site, adjuvant treatment, or treatment for advanced disease, and likely contributed to the high proportion of negative RCTs (158 [62.5%] of 253 studies). Conclusions Investigators consistently make overly optimistic assumptions regarding treatment benefits when designing RCTs. Attempts to reduce the number of negative RCTs should focus on more realistic estimations of . Increased use of interim analyses, certain adaptive trial designs, and better biological characterization of patients are potential ways of mitigating this …
In September 2010, the Cancer and Aging Research Group, in collaboration with the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute on Aging, conducted the first of three planned conferences to discuss research methodology to generate the highest quality research in older adults with cancer and then disseminate these findings among those working in the fields of cancer and aging. Conference speakers discussed the current level of research evidence in geriatric oncology, outlined the current knowledge gaps, and put forth principles for research designs and strategies that would address these gaps within the next 10 years. It was agreed that future oncology research trials that enroll older adults should include: 1) improved standardized geriatric assessment of older oncology patients, 2) substantially enhanced biological assessment of older oncology patients, 3) specific trials for the most vulnerable and/or those older than 75 years, and 4) research infrastructure that specifically targets older adults and substantially strengthened geriatrics and oncology research collaborations. This initial conference laid the foundation for the next two meetings, which will address the research designs and collaborations needed to enhance therapeutic and intervention trials in older adults with cancer.
17.04.2012 22:00
A study published in the April 18 issue of JAMA, reveals that Medicare insured non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients aged 65+, who received bevacizumab, in addition to the standard chemotherapy regimen carboplatin and paclitaxel, did not have improved survival compared to patients who received carboplatin and paclitaxel alone...
17.04.2012 20:13
An additional 3 years of follow-up data from the PLCO trial showed similar results to earlier data that PSA testing, compared with opportunistic screening, may not be of significant value in preventing... (Source: OncologySTAT Journal Scans) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain . #FreeDoctors
17.04.2012 20:09
AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive neoplasm arising from the mesothelial cells lining the parietal pleura and it exhibits poor prognosis. Although, there has been significant progress in MPM treatment, development of more efficient therapeutic approaches is needed. BMAL1 is a core component of the circadian clock machinery and its constitutive over‐expression in MPM has been reported. Here, we demonstrate that BMAL1 may serve as a molecular target for MPM. The majority of MPM cell lines and a subset of MPM clinical specimens expressed higher levels of BMAL1 compared to a non‐tumorigenic mesothelial cell line (MeT‐5A) and normal parietal pleural specimens, respectively. A serum shock induced a rhythmical BMAL1 expression change in MeT‐5A but not in A...
17.04.2012 20:07
Ophthalmologica (DOI:10.1159/000337252) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Dermatology (DOI:10.1159/000337542) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Dermatology (DOI:10.1159/000337545) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2012;2:160–168 (DOI:10.1159/000332022) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2012;2:169–179 (DOI:10.1159/000333482) (Source: Karger Publishers) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
Case Rep Dermatol 2012;4:98–103 (DOI:10.1159/000338370) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Case Rep Oncol 2012;5:181–186 (DOI:10.1159/000336481) (Source: Karger Publishers)
Cardiorenal Med 2012;2:143–162 (DOI:10.1159/000337314) (Source: Karger Publishers)
17.04.2012 19:49
(MedPage Today) -- For prostate cancer patients, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) may offer better disease control with fewer adverse effects than standard radiation therapy, but proton therapy won't provide additional benefits, researchers found.
17.04.2012 19:00
Proton radiation treatments may offer little added benefit, more side effects, analysis suggests (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain . #FreeDoctors
Adding drug to chemotherapy regimen does not prolong life for those with advanced disease, experts say (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology)
17.04.2012 17:40
17.04.2012 17:01
Modern technology convinces us we're in control of everything. But we can't (entirely) control getting pregnant, which drives us a little crazy. Here's how to get pregnant as fast as possible and stay sane in the process.read more (Source: Psychology Today Sex Center)
17.04.2012 16:35
(Source: DF/HCC: Latest News)
17.04.2012 16:32
Korean red ginseng and ginsenosides have been claimed to possess wide spectrum of medicinal effects, of which anticancer effect is one. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antimetastatic effect of Korean red ginseng on human hepatoma as well as possible mechanisms. The inhibitory effect of the water extract of Korean red ginseng (WKRG) on the invasion and motility of SK-Hep1 cells was evaluated by the Boyden chamber assay in vitro. Without causing cytotoxicity, WKRG exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the invasion and motility, but not adhesion, of highly metastatic SK-Hep1 cells. Zymography analyses revealed significant downregulating effects on MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA activities in SK-Hep1 cells. Western blot analyses also showed that WKRG treatment caused dose-de...
17.04.2012 16:29
Conclusion:An increased HVPG was associated with postoperative liver dysfunction and mortality after liver resection in patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis, whereas indirect criteria of PHT were not. This study suggests that preoperative HVPG measurement should be measured routinely in these patients. Copyright © 2012 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: British Journal of Surgery) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
17.04.2012 16:20
Tonsilloliths are rare calcified concretions that develop in tonsillar crypts within the substance of the tonsil or around it. Large tonsilloliths can mimic many conditions including abscesses or neoplasms. Given the wide range of differentials, it is difficult to diagnose tonsilloliths unless there is a considered emphasis on thorough history taking, careful inspection and a detailed characterisation of the lesion through digital palpation. This may be further supplemented with investigations such as plain radiography and computer tomography. Here, we illustrate a case with risk factors of oropharyngeal cancer and a history of fish bone impaction in the throat that was initially diagnosed as a “tonsillar foreign body” which turned out eventually to be a large tonsillolith. (So...
17.04.2012 15:07
Genzyme Corp., owned by French drug maker Sanofi (NYSE: SNY), has announced a nationwide launch of a new diagnostic to help detect thyroid cancer, the Boston Business Journal reports, which could boost sales of Cambridge, Mass.-based Genzyme’s thyroid cancer drug, Thyrogen. However, Genzyme has had a hard time supplying the patients it already serves. Thyrogen is currently the subject of an ongoing shortage that was announced in March 2011, stemming from long-term manufacturing problems at the... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
17.04.2012 15:00
It should be possible to significantly improve the response of common cancers to existing "classical" chemotherapy drugs, say scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), by introducing agents that alter the interaction of cancer cells with their immediate surroundings, called the tumor microenvironment...
17.04.2012 14:52
Mol. BioSyst., 2012, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C2MB25080B, PaperAbhi Das, Gopinatha Suresh KumarThe plant alkaloid aristololactam--D-glucoside and the anti-cancer chemotherapy drug daunomycin are two sugar bearing DNA binding antibiotics. The binding of these molecules to three double stranded ribonucleic acids, poly(A). poly(U),...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles)
17.04.2012 14:50
In this study, we have determined the DNA adducts and mutations induced by AA in rat spleen. Big Blue® transgenic rats were gavaged with 0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg AA/kg body weight five‐times/week for 3 months. Three DNA adducts, [7‐(deoxyadenosin‐N6‐yl)‐aristolactam I, 7‐(deoxyadenosin‐N6‐yl)‐aristolactam II and 7‐(deoxyguanosin‐N2‐yl)‐aristolactam I], were identified by 32P‐postlabeling. Over the dose range studied, there were strong linear dose‐responses for AA‐DNA adduct formation in the treated rat spleens, ranging from 4.6 to 217.6 adducts/108 nucleotides. Spleen cII mutant frequencies also increased in a dose‐dependent manner, ranging from 32.7 to 286.2 × 10−6 in the treated animals. Mutants isolated from the different treatment groups were seque...
17.04.2012 14:44
Thiazolidinediones might reduce cancer risk in Type 2 diabetes patients, show study findings. (Source: MedWire News - Diabetes) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain . #FreeDoctors
17.04.2012 14:00
A new type of prostate cancer treatment could provide an alternative to traditional treatment with significantly fewer side effects, according to promising results from a clinical trial. (Source: Medical Research Council Press Releases)
17.04.2012 13:40
17.04.2012 13:30
When it comes to building a compelling narative about a complex subject, Michael Lewis is the best in the businessEnter the Wellcome Trust Science Writing Prize in association with the Guardian and the ObserverMichael Lewis doesn't write about science. He made his reputation with books and features about business and finance. His most famous works, Moneyball and The Blind Side, are about baseball and American football. Reading him won't help you to understand the intricacies of epigenetics or quantum mechanics, or to get into the mind of a scientist at work. Yet he's an author from whom every aspiring science writer – and every experienced one at that – can learn.That's because, when it comes to building a compelling narrative about a complex factual subject that most ordinary readers ...
17.04.2012 13:11
(Source: PharmacoEconomics and Outcomes News)
17.04.2012 13:00
New research at the University of Cincinnati (UC) suggests that kidney cancer growth depends on autophagy, a complex process that can provide cells with nutrients from intracellular sources. Researchers say in certain circumstances autophagy can protect tumor cells from chemotherapy, allowing them to survive for long periods of time in a hidden, dormant, metastatic state...
AUTOIMMUNITY Understanding bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients Rheumatoid arthritis causes joint stiffness and pain for over 2 million Americans. The disease is caused by an errant attack on healthy tissue by the body's immune system...
17.04.2012 12:35
Education is the new Republican enemy. No more free thinking and empirical evidence, just the Bible, rumour and Fox NewsNot content with merely waging war on women, Republicans are targeting another enemy of conservatism: education. New Hampshire state Republican Jerry Bergevin recently railed against science and the atheist eggheads who call themselves teachers: "I want the full portrait of evolution and the people who came up with the ideas to be presented. It's a world view and it's godless."While New Hampshire didn't end up passing Bergevin's anti-evolution law, Tennessee did. Its new statute allows – even encourages – teachers to express scepticism toward, as the bill says, "scientific subjects, including, but not limited to, biological evolution, the chemical origins of life, and...
17.04.2012 12:26
Conclusion:The most suitable candidates for ECT were patients with few and small metastases on the lower limb treated with multiple electrode applications and ECT cycles. Copyright © 2012 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: British Journal of Surgery) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
17.04.2012 10:56
A 73-year-old woman was found to have a 1.7 cm axillary mass, for which a core needle biopsy was performed. The specimen revealed fragmented squamous epithelium surrounded by lymphoid tissue consistent with a squamous inclusion cyst in a lymph node, but a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma could not be excluded. Within one month, the lesion enlarged to 5 cm and was excised. Touch preparation cytology during intraoperative consultation displayed numerous single and sheets of atypical epithelioid cells with enlarged nuclei and occasional mitoses, suggesting a carcinoma. However, multinucleated giant cells and neutrophils in the background indicated reactive changes. We interpreted the touch preparation as atypical and recommended conservative surgical management. Permanent sect...
17.04.2012 10:00
Title: Surgery Rates Rising for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Study Category: Health News Created: 4/16/2012 6:05:00 PM Last Editorial Review: 4/17/2012 12:00:00 AM
Like special-forces troops laser-tagging targets for a bomber pilot, tiny particles that can be imaged three different ways at once have enabled Stanford University School of Medicine scientists to remove brain tumors from mice with unprecedented accuracy...
In a paper published in the journal Nature Methods, a team from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill demonstrates a simple, cost-effective technique for three-dimensional RNA structure prediction that will help scientists understand the structures, and ultimately the functions, of the RNA molecules that dictate almost every aspect of human cell behavior...
Cancer is much more likely in the elderly than the young, and their bodies often are less prepared to fight the disease and the often-toxic side effects of treatment...
17.04.2012 09:30
CONCLUSIONS: SACI-ESI can facilitate MS-based discovery of potential biomarkers in human serum. Combined with the proposed bioinformatic approach (based on XCMS and NIST data elaboration) for the analysis of the MS spectra obtained, the potential for developing biomarkers with diagnostic capabilities are demonstrated in a prostate cancer diagnosis clinical setting. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 22499197 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM)
17.04.2012 09:04
An international research team led by investigators from Weill Cornell Medical College, New York has discovered two inherited-genetic deletions in the human genome linked to the development of aggressive prostate cancer. (Source: Modern Medicine)
Urologists' self-referral of prostate surgical pathology services leads to increased use and higher Medicare spending but lower cancer detection rates, according to a recent study. (Source: Modern Medicine)
17.04.2012 08:36
This study provides the proof-of-concept we need to develop a much larger trial to look at whether focal therapy is as effective as the current standard treatment in protecting the health of the men treated for prostate cancer in the medium and long term."Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. In the UK, more than 37,000 men are diagnosed each year and the condition leads to approximately 10,000 deaths.Standard therapy involves treating the whole prostate, either with radiotherapy or surgery to remove it completely.Both methods cause damage to surrounding healthy tissue and can lead to side-effects such as urinary incontinence requiring one or more pads a day (5-25%), erections insufficient for sexual intercourse (30-70%) and rectal problems, such as diarrhoea, bleeding and pain... MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain . #FreeDoctors
17.04.2012 06:42
We report the case of a secondary osteosarcoma arising in the left tibia of a 23-year-old male, 10 years after the initial diagnosis of osteochondroma and after two partial resections. Malignant transformation occurred at the stalk and not at the cartilage cap, as would normally be expected. Chromosome banding analysis revealed the karyotype: 46,XY, t(3;13)(q21;q34) [2]/46,XY [18]. Records from additional cases will help determine the parameters that define these rare secondary bone lesions. PMID: 22427037 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Genetics and Molecular Research)
We examined 396 HPV-positive women at the Gynecological Unit of the IMIP at Recife; 288 women were positive for HPV 16, 18, 31, or 33, present as a single-virus type or as co-infection. HPV 16 was the most frequent virus type found in the vulva, vagina, uterine cervix-vagina, and uterine cervix. HPV 31 was the second prevalent virus type in vulva, vagina, uterine cervix-vagina, uterine cervix, and mole. HPVs 18 and 33 were present with similar frequencies in the mole-vulva region. Among the co-infections, HPV 16/18 and HPV16/31 were the most frequent in our study group, followed by HPV 16/33. PMID: 22427039 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Genetics and Molecular Research)
17.04.2012 06:23
In patients with chronic hepatitis B who are negative for hepatitis B e antigen and have low viral loads, serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen can be used to predict risk for hepatocellular carcinoma... (Source: OncologySTAT Latest News)
17.04.2012 06:00
Though the calcium-dependent chloride channel DOG1 is strongly expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), a new laboratory study suggests that methods targeting it for therapies in treating these cancers are still a ways off. (Source: Cancer Network)
Conclusions.BI‐RADS category 4 lesions demonstrate more than one suspicious ultrasonography feature, and biopsy is necessary to diagnose malignancy captured in 33% of lesions in this study. At this time, any lesion with more than one suspicious BI‐RADS US feature cannot avoid a diagnostic biopsy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012 (Source: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound)
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - In a new study, the impressions of breast cancer patients about the quality of care they received often differed from medical definitions of quality -- in part because the patients were judging their experiences by a different set of standards. (Source: Modern Medicine)
(Source: Clinical Drug Investigation) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
Technique cuts out side effects associated with traditional approachRelated items from OnMedicaSuicide rate high after prostate cancer diagnosisCharities condemn ‘no’ decision on prostate drugProstate cancer therapy raises colorectal cancer riskHave clear strategies for managing prostate cancer, GPs advisedMajor prostate cancer clinical trial announced (Source: OnMedica Latest News)
ConclusionA specific strategy for monitoring fetal and maternal chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity is suggested. Prospective data are needed on the long‐term effects of chemotherapy in both mother and child. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Prenatal Diagnosis)
Conclusions: These results suggest that CaMKII is involved in the oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia, and trifluoperazine may be useful for the treatment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in clinical setting. (Source: Molecular Pain)
ConclusionsWe have shown that the existence of R10B/DNA complexes in macropinosomes at the early stages of gene delivery correlates with high efficiency R10B‐mediated gene delivery. This finding will provide valuable insights for the engineering of more efficient gene delivery systems based on oligoarginine‐mediated carriers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: The Journal of Gene Medicine)
Background: Body mass index (BMI) may be an important factor affecting breast cancer outcome. Studies conducted mainly in Western countries have reported a relationship between higher BMI and a higher risk of all-cause death or breast cancer-specific death among women with breast cancer, but only a few studies have been reported in Japan so far. In the present prospective study, we investigated the associations between BMI and the risk of all-cause and breast cancer-specific death among breast cancer patients overall and by menopausal status and hormone receptor status. Methods: The study included 653 breast cancer patients admitted to a single hospital in Japan, between 1997 and 2005. BMI was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The patients were completely followed up until ...
Conclusions: Multi-color target-specific fluorescence breast cancer imaging can be achieved in vivo by employing two activatable fluorescent probes administered as a cocktail. The images allowed us to see a specific receptor expression in each breast tumor without post-image processing. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)
Conclusions: Up-regulated HSP90 mRNA expression represents a confluence of genomic vulnerability that renders HER2 negative breast cancers more aggressive, resulting in poor prognosis. Targeting breast cancer with up-regulated HSP90 may potentially improve the effectiveness of clinical intervention in this disease. (Source: Breast Cancer Research) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
(Source: Pigment Cell Research)
ConclusionsThe results of our pilot study suggest that BCCs and SCCIS can be cleared in a single treatment using a pulsed‐laser in a stacked pulse setting. However, given the small sample size of this pilot study, further larger scale studies will be needed to determine statistical significance and long‐term recurrence rate and to further validate these findings. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine)
AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is one of the most aggressive B‐cell lymphomas with a median patient survival of only five to seven years. The failure of existing therapies is mainly due to disease relapse when therapy‐resistant tumor cells remain after chemotherapy. Therefore, development and testing of novel therapeutic strategies to target these therapy‐resistant MCL are needed. Here, we developed an in vivo model of therapy‐resistant MCL by transplanting a patient‐derived MCL cell line (Granta 519) into NOD/SCID mice followed by treatment with combination chemotherapy. Cytomorphologic, immunophenotypic, in vitro, and in vivo growth analyses of these therapy‐resistant MCL cells confirm their MCL origin and resistance to chemotherapy. Moreover, quantitative real‐time PCR...
AbstractResults from case‐control and prospective studies suggest a moderate positive association between obesity and height and differentiated thyroid carcinoma (TC). Little is known on the relationship between other measures of adiposity and differentiated TC risk. Here, we present the results of a study on body size and risk of differentiated TC based on a large European prospective study (EPIC). During follow‐up, 508 incident cases of differentiated TC were identified in women, and 58 in men. 78% of cases were papillary TC. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). In women, differentiated TC risk was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) (HR highest vs lowest quintile = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.94); height (HR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.... MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain . #FreeDoctors
AbstractDrugs targeting protein kinase C (PKC) show promising therapeutic activity. However, little is known about the expression patterns of the 11 PKC genes in human tumors, and the clinical significance of most PKC genes is unknown. We used qRT‐PCR assays to quantify mRNA levels of the 11 PKC genes in 458 breast tumors from patients with known clinical/pathological status and long‐term outcome.The proportion of tumors in which the expression of the different genes was altered varied widely, from 9.6% for PKN2 to 40.2% for PKCι/λ. In breast tumors, overexpression was the main alteration observed for PKCι/λ (33.4%), PKCδ (29.5%) and PKCζ (9.6%), while underexpression was the main alteration observed for PKCα (27.3%), PKCε (11.6%), PKCη (8.7%) and PKN2 (8.1%). Both overexpress...
We describe a novel simulation framework in which tumor progression depends on cellular proliferation and mutation within a stem cell compartment of the tumor. We fit this model to randomized trial data from the MLP and produce estimates of the median size at the radiologic cure threshold. We examine the goodness of model fit with respect to radiologic tumor size and 5‐year NSCLC survival among incident cancers in both the MLP and Mayo CT studies.An existing model of NSCLC progression under‐predicts the number of advanced‐stage incident NSCLCs among males in the Mayo CT study (p‐value = 0.004). The probability of five‐year NSCLC survival conditional on tumor diameter depends significantly on detection modality (p‐value = 0.0312). In our new model, selected solution sets having ...
(Source: Cancer)
CONCLUSIONS:Among patients with HR+/HER2+ disease, treatment with trastuzumab reduces LRR risk to the more favorable outcome of patients with HR+/HER2− disease. In contrast, the increased LRR risk among patients with HR−/HER2+ disease remains despite treatment with trastuzumab. Additional locoregional strategies are needed in this subgroup of patients. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer) MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please have a look at this new site driven by MedWorm: The Breast Cancer Daily
CONCLUSIONS:Data from this phase 1/2 supported an expanded indication for SBRT as first‐line treatment of spinal metastases in selected patients. The authors concluded that additional studies that can prospectively identify predictive factors for spinal cord toxicity after SBRT are warranted to minimize the incidence of this serious yet rare complication. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)
The objective of the current review, in which the authors evaluated the time from the first BCC diagnosis to metastasis, location of disease, and radiographic features, was to contribute to the general knowledge and awareness among providers, patients, and support groups about mBCC and to provide an outlook for the future of treatments for mBCC. A literature review on mBCC and a review of records from patients with mBCC who presented to Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials (an oncology clinical trials center) were conducted. The clinical and radiographic findings of 22 patients with mBCC who were evaluated at that center from the initiation of smoothened (SMO) antagonist trials were analyzed along with a review of BCC epidemiology and pathogenesis, the HHSP, and current and futu...
CONCLUSIONS:Patients with gastric cancer who had GCP had clinicopathologic features that differed from the features observed in patients without GCP. GCP was associated significantly with EBV‐positive gastric cancers, and its possible role as a premalignant lesion needs to be clarified. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)
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